Essay writing in english language
Argumentative Cause And Effect Essay Topics
Tuesday, August 25, 2020
Essay --
An all the more intriguing subject of ongoing occasions is another social change known as Transcendentalism, a development that is centered around speculation and settling on choices dependent on instinct. Visionaries, individuals who follow the development, are prestigious for having a solid association with life and nature. They feel that people in present day times depend a lot on each other for counsel and assessments. The possibility of Transcendentalism is that by understanding exercises in nature, one can be nearer to God both profoundly, and intellectually (LibertyEnglish). As per Ralph Waldo Emerson, an unmistakable figure of this new development, he composes, ââ¬Å"Why ought not we have a verse and theory of knowledge and not of convention, and a religion by disclosure to us, and not the historical backdrop of theirs?â⬠(Age-of-the-Sage) Many individuals and religions have added to the development of Transcendentalism over the recent decades. Individual Transcendental ists see introspective philosophy not as a religion, yet a lifestyle (UShistory.org). Introspective philosophy is said to have been impacted by Romanticism (Bingham 19), which started in ...
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Aaron Barret Essay Example For Students
Aaron Barret Essay Bio of Aaron Barrett (artist/guitarist of Reel Big Fish) â⬠from official websiteLittle Aaron Barrett was brought into the world an extremely little 0-year old youngster on August 30th once. He was extremely little. He had a charming head and a delicate catch nose. He was wiggly. He enjoyed breathing air. He was incredibly adorable and he had a mother that was a charming minimal blonde woman and a father that had a major dark facial hair. Once in a while they would take pictures of little Aaron Barrett in light of the fact that they thought he was so charming and they needed to take a gander at photos of him being little some time or another when he was large. Little Aaron Barrett had earthy colored hair. Here and there he sang melodies about being cheerful and different things like that. His voice was extremely charming, much the same as his eyebrows. Little Aarons daddy was a craftsman. He was a generally excellent craftsman named Picasso Barrett. He never marked any of his arti stic creations with his genuine last name so nobody would have the option to locate his unlisted telephone number. Rather, he gave the vast majority of his fine art to his companion Pablo in France. So Little Aaron Barrett figured out how to draw. He had pastels. In the end he would figure out how to utilize Paint and other slick things to make workmanship manifestations. At the point when Little Aaron was in seventh grade he wore striped Gotchaâ⠢ shirts and shorts and he figured out how to skateboard. He could even ride his skateboard without tumbling off some of the time! He was extremely glad about that. Little Aaron Barrett got a Sharkâ⠢ watch. At some point, Little Aaron Barrett became Medium Aaron Barrett. Medium Aaron Barrett was really decent. Once, Medium Aaron Barrett kissed a genuine young lady! His sister was there. She made Medium Aaron Barrett kiss a genuine young lady with the goal that he would not be a weirdo. Medium Aaron Barretts sister was a young lady as well, however not the genuine young lady that he kissed once. Medium Aaron Barrett concluded that he would have been cool one day. He figured out how to play the guitar one summer. At that point he went to his secondary school and began conversing with individuals. He wore extremely pleasant shirts that had striking hues all over them. He had a companion named Matt Wong. Matt Wong was extremely pleasant. At some point, Medium Aaron Barrett and Matt Wong were hanging out and they chose to be in a band. In the long run they would figure out how to play their instruments quite well, as well. At that point they met some others and the others could sorta play instruments, as well. At that point they went to certain spots. There was a period that they were eating squaw bread one day, and they concluded that they needed to play squaw music. They were truly amped up for squaw music since they truly loved squaw bread. Fun occasions were had by all. In the end, Medium Aaron Barrett got his heart broken once, twice, multiple times a woman. This made him quite unpleasant. In any case, he was still genuine pleasant. Medium Aaron Barrett was turning out to be Aaron Barrett, the Man. He played the squaw music like a devil and moved around and got things done and went to places. Aaron Barrett, the Man was pretty frickin cool. Before long, Aaron Barrett, the Man met his closest companion, Scott Barrett. Scott Barrett was not his sibling, in spite of the fact that he urgently needed to be. Rehash: Scott Barrett isn't Aarons sibling. Scott Barrett was popular for doing astonishing tricks on BMX bicycles and for being a universal playboy with gobs and gobs of cash that he earned during a stretch as a lion tamer. Aaron Barrett, the Man felt that was extremely slick, and completely needed to be companions with him. So Scott continued to change Aaron Barrett, the Mans life. It was a lovely thing. At that point Aaron Barrett, the Man went to go see Karas Flowers perform lovely music. He had never been so energized in his life. They were his top pick! Aaron Barrett, the Man got a kick out of the chance to eat taquitos. They were sooooooo yummy. Out of nowhere, Aaron Barrett, the Man met the adoration for his life! Her name was Diana and she was a Chinese Supermodel, yet a British pop star and a Vietnamese B-film sovereign. She was satisfied to turn into the
Thursday, August 6, 2020
Meeting With a Psychologist or Psychiatrist for PTSD
Meeting With a Psychologist or Psychiatrist for PTSD PTSD Treatment Print Should You See a Psychologist or a Psychiatrist to Treat Your PTSD? By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Updated on January 19, 2020 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Tom Merton / Getty Images There are a number of different types of treatment providers that can diagnose and treat PTSD, such as psychiatrists and psychologists. Learn how to distinguish between these two to determine which professional is right for you. Psychologist Training and Qualifications Psychologists are people who have either a Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy) or a Psy.D (Doctor of Psychology) in a field such as clinical or counseling psychology. In some cases, a psychologist may have an Ed.D. (Doctor of Education). To get a Ph.D., Psy.D., or Ed.D., a person must go to graduate school. Graduate programs in clinical or counseling psychology usually last about five to six years. During that time, psychologists receive extensive training in the assessment and treatment of various psychological disorders. In meeting with a psychologist, you want to first make sure he is licensed by the state in which he is practicing. You may also want to ask about his professional orientation. It can also be important to ask about his training and area of expertise to make sure hes a good fit for you. Depending on the type of training received, each psychologist is going to have his own beliefs and ideas about the origins of psychological disorders and how to treat them. These beliefs and ideas are generally referred to as an orientation. Moreover, dont forget the importance of having a personal connection with a mental health provider. Even if a psychologist is perfectly qualified doesnt mean he is the right provider for you. Find Support With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Psychiatrists Training and Qualifications Psychiatrists are people who have an M.D. (Doctor of Medicine) that have decided to specialize in the treatment of mental illness. Psychiatrists have been to medical school. Like psychologists, psychiatrists also receive extensive training in the assessment and treatment of various psychological disorders. They are also going to have their own beliefs and ideas about the origins of psychological disorders and how to treat them. Many, although definitely not all, psychiatrists may follow a biological or disease model of mental illness. Unlike psychologists, psychiatrists are qualified to prescribe medication. Other Types of Mental Health Professionals Some mental health professionals are not called doctor. These mental health professionals may have a masters degree in social work, clinical psychology or counseling psychology. These individuals have also received training in the assessment and treatment of psychological disorders. As with other mental health professionals, you will want to ask about their professional orientation, training, and expertise and whether or not they are licensed to practice. Individuals with a masters degree who are licensed to treat psychological disorders will often have LCSW follow their name. This stands for licensed clinical social worker. Knowing What to Ask Your Therapist Can Help Reduce Anxiety Which Type of Mental Health Provider Is Best? There really is no good answer to this question. The mental health professional that is best is the one who best fits your needs. Ask a lot of questions. Make sure that you feel comfortable with the person you are meeting with. Do you agree with their treatment approach? Treatment requires sharing a lot of personal information with someone. Make sure that you trust and feel comfortable with the person you are meeting with. How PTSD Is Treated
Saturday, May 23, 2020
Group Dynamics for Organization - 956 Words
It is important to understand group dynamics in the business world because most businesses require that in order to function large numbers of employees must work together in order to achieve goals for the organization. Groups can take many forms. We will examine different types of groups and how they are designed. Group designs are based on the following principles: Introspection. Engaging in self-evaluation and a gap analysis of one s leadership profile with peers adds a special dimension to this critical facet of the development process. Emotional intelligence. Ultimately, executive development is about augmenting candidates emotional intelligence to manage their emotions and actions better, as well as those of others.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Group cohesiveness provides the bonds that hold a group together. There are many benefits to group cohesiveness. Here are just some of the general benefits of having a group that sticks together : The communication within the group is much more extensive. In other words, people who like each other communicate better and more often with each other. Groups that are more cohesive have positive interactions with one another. People are more friendly and there is an increased feeling of the group as a whole. As a result, the group acts as a whole not as individuals. A group that has a high level of group cohesiveness is much more successful in achieving their goal. The feeling of togetherness in the group motivates members to achieve the desired objectives of the group so their efforts increase. The members in groups that are cohesive are much more satisfied with that group. As a result, they are more willing to stay in the group longer and often recommend the group to others. Are leaders an important aspect of groups? In almost every group environment, there will automatically be one or more individuals of that group who will emerge as a leader and/or take on key leadership roles in order for the group to function and achieve the groups overall objective. A group trying to solve a list of problems or achieve a list of objectives will tend to meander along inShow MoreRelatedGroup Dynamics in Organizations1884 Words à |à 8 PagesGroup Dynamics in Organizations Kirsten Oââ¬â¢connell Mgt 415: Group Behavior in Organizations Steven Bedell May 3, 2010 Abstract à well-managed organization needs adequate talent to achieve its goals. In addition, organizational leaders need to understand the individuals that are working for the organization. By learning how the behavior and culture of individuals affects the organization, leaders and organizations move one step closer to success. Organizational behavior is à ° field of study devotedRead MoreGroup Dynamics Of Organizations And Group Behavior2172 Words à |à 9 PagesThis research paper will be about group dynamics in organizations and group behavior pertaining to effectiveness with debate and scientific research. This research paper will see which is more effective groups or individuals in an organization. We will attempt to determine what true answer is and which one will have a scientific proven effect. According to Kreitner Kinicki (2013), Organizations behavior is an interdisciplinary field dedicated to better understanding and managing people at workRead MoreImpact Of Group Dynamics On The Productivity Of An Organization1701 Words à |à 7 Pages Impacts of Group Dynamics on the Productivity of an Organization Organizations around the globe understand clearly the needs of the people they serve. For employees, the need for training is always to enhance their capacity in a way that helps them to perform their work effectively. Scholars in the sociological and business sectors have developed effective approaches to improving the performance of employees (Jackson-Dwyer, 2013). For business, the reason behind the enhanced trainingRead MoreThe Impact Of Group Dynamics On The Productivity Of An Organization1801 Words à |à 8 PagesAbstract The study will explore the impacts of group dynamics on the productivity of an organization. Survey will be used as the method of study, where a convenience sample will be selected and the units of analysis arrived at using the stratified sampling method. The sample size will be determined by randomly selecting a sufficient number of both male and female non-managerial employees. The number of female respondents should be approximately equal to the number of male respondents to reduce theRead MoreThe Importance of Workplace Diversity in an Organization1092 Words à |à 5 PagesIN AN ORGANIZATION The Importance of Workplace Diversity in an Organization Gina Cazeau/MGT 307/Week4/May2009 University of Phoenix/Professor R. Cullivan Abstract This paper will define a team and a group, and the difference between the two. It will also examine the importance of workplace diversity in an organization and howRead MoreThe Difference Between Groups and Teams1157 Words à |à 5 PagesThe difference between groups and teams Sheri Anderson University of Phoenix Organizational Behavior and Group Dynamics MGT-307 Dennis Keegan April 02, 2012 Groups and Teams It is many differencesRead MoreEffective Team Management and Leadership Skills1437 Words à |à 6 Pagesthe collective skills, collective performance and knowledge and collective decision- making of all members of an organization. The difficulties in this agenda will not be with current staff, it will be with the current management. This is specifically significant in a school setting where there is interaction with peers, and students from varying backgrounds and of different age groups. There are various times when the impediment to making such collective efforts comes from the administration itselfRead MoreLeadership And Management Dynamics Of A Physician Run Organization1309 Words à |à 6 PagesLeadership of Others The leadership and management dynamics of a physician run organization are complex and challenging. The biggest challenge is managing the differing opinions and perspectives of multiple physician owners. Up until recently, I have viewed my role with the physician owners as passive. My approach was to provide guidance with operational and strategic decision making and essentially let this group lead themselves. By shifting the style of my interactions with the physicians to aRead MoreQuestions On Group And Team Terminology And Concepts From A Theoretical Perspective1516 Words à |à 7 Pages1. Questions Related to Group Dynamics Introduction This assignment asks you to respond to a number of questions that address the more. Be sure to include citations in proper APA citation format and a reference list following the conclusion of the essay. This assignment is worth 15 percent of your final course grade. Purpose The purpose of this assignment is to further develop your knowledge of group and team terminology and concepts from a theoretical perspective. Task Answer each of the followingRead MoreThe Importance Of Communication And Group Dynamics990 Words à |à 4 PagesHealth care organizations are no different from other organizations on how they communicate and their group dynamics. Therefore having such understanding it is important to know which are the best ways of communication and how successful teams or groups can be successful. When there is a break down in communication then goals and objectives of the organizations will not be easily met and problems will arise because of this. In the same way if a group is not well directed then its goals will also
Tuesday, May 12, 2020
The Problem Of Care Aids - 1374 Words
The next portion of this analysis is the evidence that the situation provides. Care aids in Canada have a document that outlines competencies needed in order to provide the public with safe, competent and ethical care (HCA Core Competency Profile, 2014). Upon my analysis of this document, the care in the situation had not met competencies 1.0: Health and Caring, 3.0: Communication Skills, 5.0: Safety, and 6.0: Responsibility, Accountability and Ethical Behavior. I begin to question what the ramifications are for care aids that do not meet these standards in Canada. Is it possible that the care aid has forgotten the competencies in which she is required to meet? It could be that the care aid isnââ¬â¢t educated about dementia and wasnââ¬â¢t aware ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Determining Step two of this process involves determining what the relevant ethical principles are being met or missed in the scenario (The IDEA, 2008). Nonmaleficence is characterized by the act of avoid ing harm of our clients while in addition, weighing this harm against the benefits of the action (Bastable, 2014). In this scenario, the care aid did not meet the ethical principle of Nonmaleficence, as she scolded and teased the resident because he had not cleared his entire plate; telling him that he wouldnââ¬â¢t get his hat back until he started being a ââ¬Å"good boyâ⬠. Although the care aid may have felt that scolding the resident would prevent him from doing wrong in the future, her intervention did not result in a positive outcome. Subsequently, causing harm to the client by triggering anger and confusion. In addition, the care aid lacked the ethical principle of beneficence. Beneficence is much like nonmeleficence, but is characterized by portraying actions that promote good (Burkhardt, Nathaniel Walton, 2014). Considering this definition, her actions did not benefit the client nor promote good, as the resident was unable to correlate the scolding to the notion of clearing his plate. I also feel that the ethical principle of Justice was involved in this situation, as the care that was provided wasnââ¬â¢t fair, equitable or appropriate to the client (Burkhardt,Show MoreRelatedA Research Study On Palliative Care1663 Words à |à 7 PagesHIV and new cases in older people. To manage this increasing population a holistic care is needed. According to World Health Organization (2002) ââ¬Å"Palliative care is an approach which improves the quality of life of patients and their families facing life-threatening illness, through the prevention, assessment and treatment of pain and other physical, psychosocial and spiritual problemsâ⬠(para. 1). Palliative care aim is not to prolong life, but it helps greatly in relieving pain and symptoms ofRead MoreAn Evaluation of Hiv-Aids Care and Prevention Strategies in Uk1067 Words à |à 5 PagesI N T R O D U C T I O N An Overall View of HIV/AIDS Statistics in UK: According to the Bureau of Hygiene and Tropical Diseases, in the early 1980s, the number of people diagnosed with HIV was a increasing steadily. From 1987 to 1990 the cumulative number of HIV diagnoses reported was almost doubled (from 8,016 to 15,166) (1, 2). Between 1990 and 1997 there were between 2,000 and 2,700 HIV diagnoses reported annually.(3) From 1999 there was a huge rate of increase in the number of annual HIV InfectedRead MoreDiscrimination of Hiv/Aids1466 Words à |à 6 Pages1 Discrimination of HIV/AIDS Discrimination of HIV/AIDS-positive people in medical field and in society is morally wrong In the rural area of Nigeria, an AIDS patient cut his hand and, when he went to the closest hospital to bandage it, the doctors kept transferring him from one outpatient department to another medical ward, then to another one because they did not want to get infectedRead MoreThe Health Of The Modern Health Care968 Words à |à 4 Pagesextensive discussion within the American health care system; nonetheless, few comprehend the bearing to the modern health care environment. An array of factors like personal, social, economic, and environment issues influence and determines the health of individual and population, acting in various combinations (Knickman Kovner, 2015). These determinants of health, known as population health determinants generally include genetics, access to health care, individual behavior, social determinant, physicalRead MoreThe Health Of The Population Health937 Words à |à 4 Pagesof extensive discussion within American health care system, nonetheless, fe w comprehend the bearing to modern health care environment. An array of factors like personal, social, economic, and environment issues influence and determines the health of individual and population, acting in various combination (Knickman Kovner, 2015). These determinants of health, known as population health determinants generally include genetics, access to health care, individual behavior, social determinant, physicalRead MoreHiv / Aids And Aids856 Words à |à 4 PagesHIV/ AIDS affects many people in the world. One of the many places that have the highest HIV/ AIDS epidemic is in South Africa. South Africa has one of the highest prevalence of HIV/ AIDS in the whole world. There are 6.3 million people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa. There is a 19.1% adult HIV/AIDS prevalence, 340,000 new infections, 200,000 AIDS related deaths, and 42% adults on antiretroviral treatment. South Africa has the largest antiretroviral treatment program in the world. There areRead MoreUnit 3961370 Words à |à 6 Pagesphysical problems, learning dif ficulties and sensory loss. Extra support may be required for individuals that may have these multiple disabilities. Multiple conditions and disabilities can affect an individuals wellbeing emotionally and physically. They may require extra support and encouragement with any activities they undertake, as well as empathy, support and encouragement with any emotional needs they may have. Looking at multiple and/or disabilities there could be certain additional problems thatRead MoreMass Education On Hiv / Aids1073 Words à |à 5 PagesProject I: Mass education on HIV/AIDS to reduce stigma a. Who is the in-country implementing partner? The Global Fund will partner the Red Cross Society of China (RCSC), a humanitarian social relief organization. The organizationââ¬â¢s mission is to protect the health and lives of the people by launching its Nationwide HIV Programme. Within RSCS, it organizes a wide array of programs, ranging from disaster prepared to First Aid training. HIV/AIDS prevention and care is among one of the programs thatRead MorePositive And Negative Factors Affecting Quality Of Life For Women With Hiv / Aids929 Words à |à 4 Pagesquality of life for women in Sub-Saharan African with HIV/AIDS. One major positive factor that increase quality of life is the support system that religion can provide. It is documented that ââ¬Å"Women s narratives also illustrated how their faith was an important source of ongoing psychological support as they learned to live with their diagnosisâ⬠(Maman et al., 2009). Churches and pastors provide support and a community for women with a HIV/AIDS diagnosis. This i s crucial for women to fight depressionRead MoreCase Study : Medication And Medical Appointments Essay1376 Words à |à 6 Pagesday to stave off the progression of AIDS (ââ¬Å"What Is HAART?,â⬠2012). The individual is more likely to continue HIV/AIDS treatment if they are not having to constantly struggle to obtain said treatment. The main factors associated with retention in HIV care at six months was prescription of HAART, increased number of intervention appointments and more hours in the intervention (Table 5). A significant dose-response trend was observed between retention in HIV care and increasing number of hours in the
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
A Telephone Based Wireless Remote Controller Free Essays
Abstractââ¬âA telephone based wireless system for the remote operation of the home appliances is proposed. The telephone, acting as a remote controller, generates a DTMF signal corresponding to each dialed digit which is converted to a BCD code by the Telephone interface circuit. This is given as input to the transmitter module which is then used to control various home appliances through a receiver module. We will write a custom essay sample on A Telephone Based Wireless Remote Controller or any similar topic only for you Order Now Data processing stages of the transmitter and receiver modules have been implemented using digital components, thereby avoiding possible use of conventional devices like monostable multivibrators. Due to the fully digital nature, the proposed design is less complex and hence the implementation is cost effective. I. INTRODUCTION With the advancement in science and technology, human beings have developed a tendency to make their everyday life amply luxurious with the aid of technology. This has led to the development of many sophisticated gadgets and equipments that assist them partially/fully in their daily activities. Operating all such electronic/electrical instruments in a modern house might be difficult for the elderly as well as disabled people. Our primary motivation to build a simple and low cost system which remotely operates all the home appliances stems from this point. We integrate our system with a standard telephone set so that the telephone can be used for the dual purpose of telephony and remote controller for various home appliances. The proposed system mainly consists of 3 modules, viz. , telephone interface circuit, transmitter and receiver. The transmitter module is in turn made up of a digital data processing block and a wireless (infrared) transmitter block and the eceiver module is made up of a wireless (infrared) receiver block, digital data processing block and a decoding block. In the scheme, a telephone receiver acts as a remote terminal to provide input Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency (DTMF) signals to the telephone interface circuit which converts them to corresponding 4 bit Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) codes. The transmitter generates an 8 bit frame using this BCD code to facilitate asynchronous communication . The receiver decodes the received signals after checking for any transmission errors (single bit) in the frame. These decoded bits act as control signals for the operation of home appliances. The system employs an asynchronous type of communication [1] in which the transmitter and receiver clocks are independent. The receiver clock does not have any prior information regarding the phase of the transmitter clock [2]. This leads to the problem of choosing the correct sampling instants at the receiver [3]. Hence the data is transmitted in the form of frames instead of individual bits. Each such frame consists of start bits, information bits, and stop bits [1]. This is explained in detail in the subsequent sections. When the system is idle, the data processing block of he transmitter gives constant logical high output. Since the transmitter consumes more power in transmitting logical high than logical low, the output of data processing block is negated before transmission to save power in the idle state. The receiver module also senses this and remains idle whenever the transmitter is transmitting continuous logical low. The reception of a start bit changes the state of the r eceiver from an idle to an active state. It then has to sample the remaining data bits in the frame at proper sampling instants. Most of the standard hardware schemes involve the use of monostable ultivibrators at the receiver to recover the data bits following the start bit. The monostable multivibrators commonly rely on variable components such as resistance and capacitance values, as well as they often account for a major part of the propagation delays associated with the receiver. We have extended this treatment to a fully digital design that presents more challenging tasks including a digital output feedback. Moreover, use of all digital components in the data processing stages reduces the propagation delay considerably. The complete design outline of all the modules of the roposed system is presented in Section II. Results and discussions are given in Section III. Finally, we present our conclusions in Section IV. II. DESIGN OUTLINE The block diagram of the proposed telephone based wireless remote control system is shown in Fig. 1. In the proposed system, the telephone set performs the dual functions of telephony and remotely controlling various devices. The remote control mode of the telephone can be activated by pressing ââ¬Ë#ââ¬â¢ from the keypad of the telephone. After the desired tasks are accomplished, ââ¬Ë#ââ¬â¢ should be pressed again to deactivate the control system. This is one of the functions of the telephone interface circuit, which is discussed next. A. Telephone Interface Circuit The telephone interface circuit integrates the designed system with the standard telephone system. As shown in Fig. 2, it basically performs the job of receiving the signals from the local loop and converting them to the standard digital signals in the BCD format. When any telephone button is pressed, a unique DTMF signal is produced for a short duration [4] which is converted to corresponding BCD code by a standard DTMF to BCD converter (KT-3170) [5]. The dual tone frequencies and the BCD codes associated with each dialed digit are shown in Table 1. The system remains in the idle state until ââ¬Ë#ââ¬â¢ button is pressed which sets the telephone to remote control mode. This mode remains activated until ââ¬Ë#ââ¬â¢ button is pressed again. This is realized in the hardware by using the BCD code corresponding to ââ¬Ë#ââ¬â¢ as the clock to toggle the J-K flip-flop (74112). The flip-flop output toggles whenever the ââ¬Ë#ââ¬â¢ button is pressed and this is directly used to control the mode of operation of the telephone. The DSO output of KT-3170 [5] is used to generate a start it for the system as it is logical high whenever a received tone pair has been registered and the output latch is updated. As the latched 4-bit BCD code is directly available at the output of KT-3170, it is given as such to the data processing block of the transmitter. These data bits are then processed to facilitate asynchronous communicatio n as explained below. B. Transmitter The 4-bit output of KT-3170 can not be directly transmitted as individual bits as the proposed system employs asynchronous mode of communication. The 4-bit BCD code is thus transmitted as frames for proper reception [1]. We have chosen an eight bit frame for our system which consists of a start bit followed by four data bits, a parity bit and two stop bits. Parity bit enables the system to detect any single bit error during transmission. Stop bits mark the ending of the frame. The frame is then transmitted using infrared (IR) transmitter. As shown in Fig. 2, the transmitter mainly consists of two blocks which are explained below. 1) Fully Digital Data Processing Block: This block performs the function of converting individual bits to 8-bit frames in order to carry asynchronous communication. First bit of the frame is the start bit (taken as 0) which is generated when any of the buttons is pressed. The succeeding 4 bits are the data bits (BCD code) generated by the telephone interface circuit as explained before. Next bit is taken as parity check bit generated by XORing the first 5 bits of the frame. Last 2 bits, termed as stop bits, are taken as 1. Following the generation of the start bit, the data bits are loaded in the parallel to serial converter (74165) using a D-type flip-flop (7474) and the frame is transmitted serially. 2) IR Transmitter Block: This module transmits the frames enerated in the previous section using an IR emitting diode. The data to be transmitted is modulated using Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK) with a carrier square wave of 38 kHz. The transmission range of the system is thus highly improved over the case when data is transmitted without modulation. As the data processing stage gives logical high output in the idle state, it is negated before tran smission to save power. Thus, a logical low is actually transmitted whenever the system is in idle state. C. Receiver The receiver also has 2 working states, viz. , idle and active. It remains in the idle state until it detects a start bit. It then receives the frame starting from the start bit and checks for a single bit error. If error is detected, no action is taken and the information has to be transmitted again by the user. The received data bits are then decoded which act as control signals for the operation of various appliances. As is evident from Fig. 3, receiver circuit can be subdivided into 3 blocks which are explained below. 1) IR Receiver Block: This block receives the transmitted frames and converts the signal back to Transistor Transistor Logic (TTL) levels. A standard 38 kHz IR receiver (TSOP 1738) [6] is used for this purpose. 2) Sampling Clock Generator: The main function of this block is to generate a sampling instant at approximately the middle of the transmitted bit interval. The start bit activates this block and loads counter 1 (4-bit up-counter) with value ââ¬Ë0ââ¬â¢. The clock frequency of this counter is 16 times the bit rate. When the output of this counter changes from 7 to 8, the most significant bit changes from ââ¬Ë0ââ¬â¢ to ââ¬Ë1ââ¬â¢ and this rising edge is used as the sampling instant for the data. Start bit also loads the counter 2 (4-bit down-counter) with the frame size i. e. , 8. When this reaches the value ââ¬Ë0ââ¬â¢, the whole block is disabled and is reactivated only when next start bit arrives. 3) Data Sampler and Decoder: The serial input data is sampled according to the sampling instant generated in the previous stage and is converted to parallel form using serial to parallel converter (74164). This data is then checked for any 1-bit errors by XORing the bits. If error is found, no action is taken and the data has to be retransmitted. If no errors are found, the data is decoded using 4-16 decoder (74154) and he signal is given to the appliance for the completion of the corresponding task. III. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS The proposed system has been fully implemented and successfully tested in the standard telephone local loop. The transmitter, kept near the telephone set, taps the DTMF signal from the local loop and transmits the corresponding data frame wirelessly . This signal is received by the receiver installed at the switch board. It decodes the data and takes the corresponding action. At least ten control signals, corresponding to each digit from 0 to 9, can be generated using a standard telephone set. The transmitter was previously implemented without a modulator where the IR LED was kept ON for transmitting logical high and OFF for transmitting logical low. This limited the distance between the transmitter and receiver to a maximum of 30 cms for proper reception. The range of the wireless system has increased to several meters after modulating the data using 38 kHz square wave. This range also depends on the current flowing through the infrared diode which has to be properly tuned to maximize the range. A standard TSOP 1738 receiver is used in the proposed ystem, which requires a minimum burst length of 10 cycles for proper detection. This puts an upper limit on the data rate supported by our system which is practically observed to be 2. 8 kbps [5]. The IR transmitter is highly directional and requires the receiver to be in line of sight of the transmitter. The reception angle of the receiver is observed to decrease with increasing distance between the transmitter and receiver. T his is because of the fact that the power is not uniformly distributed and is concentrated in narrow transmission angle. Moreover, the signal power reduces when the distance between the transmitter and the receiver is increased. So, the receiver has to be highly aligned with transmitter when operating at some substantial distance from it. This problem is of not much concern for our system because the transmitter and receiver, being static in nature, can be properly aligned at the time of installation. The data processing blocks of both the transmitter and the receiver are fully digital in nature. This comprehensively reduces the propagation delays involved and increases the rate at which data can be processed in these blocks. Though, data rate is not very important in the present application but this feature makes the design of our data processing blocks suitable for high data rate applications which are commonly seen in wired communication. IV. CONCLUSIONS A wireless system has been proposed to operate the home appliances remotely using a standard telephone set. This has been successfully tested and is found to be working satisfactorily within a distance of 10 meters. The telephone receiver performs a dual-function of telephony and remotely controlling various devices with the help of its ââ¬Ë#ââ¬â¢ button on the keypad. The telephone interface circuit is easily integrated with the standard local loop thus avoiding any changes in the telephone set. Hence, the proposed system is compatible with any type of telephone working on standard local loop. The system employs asynchronous mode of communication which avoids the need to synchronize the transmitter and receiver clocks, thus making our system less complex and hence cost effective. The proposed fully digital innovative design of the data processing blocks reduces the propagation delay and makes them useful for even high data rate applications. Moreover, the system is capable of detecting the single bit errors occuring during transmission. The proposed system can be used in a wide range of practical applications such as speed control of motors, switching of appliances, control of robots, etc. The above discussed characteristics like simple design, high practical utility and easy installation makes our system highly marketable. REFERENCES [1] Gorry Fairhurst. Asynchronous Communication [Online]. Available: http://www. erg. abdn. ac. uk/users/gorry/course/phy-pages/async. html. [2] D. Comer, Computer Networks and Internets with Internet Applications. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 2004. [3] A. Subramanian, V. P. S. Makh and A. Mitra, ââ¬Å"A New Digital Transceiver Circuit for Asynchronous Communicationâ⬠, Enformatika Trans. , vol. 8, pp. 237-241, Oct. 2005. [4] DTMF Background [Online]. Available: http:// www. ece. utexas. edu/mason/codesign/dtmf. html. [5] Samsung Electronics Datasheet. KT3170 Low Power DTMF Receiver [Online]. Available: http://www. ortodoxism. ro/datasheets/SamsungElectronic/mXuusvq. pdf. [6] Vishay Semiconductors Datasheet. Photo Modules for PCM Remote Control Systems [Online]. Available: http://www. vishay. com/docs/82030/82030. pdf How to cite A Telephone Based Wireless Remote Controller, Essay examples
Friday, May 1, 2020
Farenheit 451 Life free essay sample
What is it like to live in a parallel universe where everything is opposite and nothing seems to make sense? In Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, the author portrays a different point of view through his science fiction dyspepsia novel. In this novel, Bradbury portrays a lifestyle of no individuality, no questioning, or not even reading a book, in result, causing people to react without thinking. Therefore, this novel could be considered a warning to todays society and the outcome of the future. Many people in todays world act like conformists much like the people in Fahrenheit 451. For instance, in this scene Mildred describes the following; They write the script with one part missing. Its a new idea. The homemaker, thats me, is the missing part. When it comes time for the missing part, they all look at me out of the three walls and I say the lines. We will write a custom essay sample on Farenheit 451 Life or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Here for instance, the man says, What do you think of this whole idea Helen?. And I say, I say, I think thats fine! (pages 17-18). In this description, it is clear that Mildred is a person who mindlessly follows certain standards to be in the social norm, thus a conformist. In fact, this is often used today through social networking devices such as Youth where people listen to the videos and become obsessed and infatuated with a particular style or social norm. In contrast, l sometime think drivers dont know what grass is or flowers because they never see them slowly, she said l rarely watch the parlor walls or go to races or Fun Parks. So Vie got lots of time for crazy thoughts, I guess. Pages 6-7) This illustrates how when Claries take things slowly, she gets to see the whole world and not Just a portion of it eke if she was rushing. In comparison to todays world, if people would slow down and take the time to think, the world wouldnt have as many conformists. Today, social networ king has taken on a major role in daily lives. In Fahrenheit 451, it describes a similar experience; Picture it. Nineteen century man with his horses, dogs, carts, slow motion. Then in the twentieth century speed up your camera. Books cut shorter. Condensation. Digest tabloids. Everything boils down to the gag, the snap ending. (page 52). Thus, implying that life has become fast pace and individuals have very little time to read, enjoy life or hobbies. In fact, the use of cell phones today dictates the life of many teenagers who dont have time to socialize face to face and conveniently do so through cell phones. Furthermore, messages are condensed to abbreviations such as 101 and OMG as a way of saving time. Additionally, There was a tiny dance of melody in the air, her Seashell was tamped in her ear again and she was listening to people far away Why didnt he buy himself and audio-seashell station and talk to his wife late at night Page 39) This scene shows how Montage wants to talk to his wife but she is constantly on her ear phones. This is yet another example that can compare to how teenagers today are constantly using technology so much that is distracts them from other things. In Fahrenheit 451, books are burned to prevent individuality and solicit a form of censorship of what is acceptable and what is not in accordance with government, social, and cultural norms. Specifically this scene; cant ever have my books, she The people in those books never lived. Come out of it now! This form of censorship and eradication of literature is designed to prevent individualism and to foster a specific belief. Also comparing to how in todays world, people do not want other individuals to stray from the social cycle. Furthermore, Im antisocial they say. I dont mix. Its so strange. Im very social indeed. (page 26). This quote shows how Claries doesnt fit into her school because she doesnt reason like the other students. When this is equated to the world today, it can be used as an example on how people preferential people through looks, different thoughts, and overall appearance and section them out from what is considered normal. Throughout this book, Bradbury shows the reader how technology can brainwash people into mindless fools with no originality. This compares to how in todays world, people use technology as a way to fit in. Therefore, this concludes Fahrenheit 451 can be a warning to society and the outcome of the future. In conclusion, how much exposure can this world handle until we become mindless people?
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